Ultrasound images in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis and clinical stage of the disease
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Advances in Medical Sciences 64 (2019) 324–330
329 [20] Team RCore. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R founda- tion for statistical computing, Vienna, Austria. 2018 https://www.R-project.org/ . [21] Nunnari G, Pinzone MR, Gruttadauria S, Celesia BM, Madeddu G, Malaguarnera G, et al. Hepatic echinococcosis: clinical and therapeutic aspects. World J Gastroenterol 2012;18(13):1448 –58 . [22] Bulakçi M, Kartal MG, Yilmaz S, Yilmaz E, Yilmaz R, Şahin D, et al. Multimodality imaging in diagnosis and management of alveolar echinococcosis: an update. Diagn Interv Radiol 2016;22(3):247 –56 . [23] Nahorski WL, Knap JP, Paw łowski ZS, Krawczyk M, Polański J, Stefaniak J, et al. Human Alveolar Echinococcosis in Poland: 1990-2011. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013;7(1):e1986 . [24] Gao CH, Wang JY, Shi F, Steverding D, Wang X, Yang YT, et al. Field evaluation of an immunochromatographic test for diagnosis of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis. Parasit Vectors 2018;11(1):311 . [25] Tiao-Ying L, Jia-Min Q, Craig PS, Ito A, Yang W, Vuitton D, et al. Review of 311 cases of alveolar echinococcosis and criteria for classi fication of hepatic ultrasound images. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2004;35:213 –7 . [26] Li T, Ito A, Chen X, Sako Y, Qiu J, Xiao N, et al. Speci fic IgG responses to re- combinant antigen B and Em18 in cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in China. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2010;17(3):470 –5 . [27] Azizi A, Blagosklonov O, Lounis A, Berthet L, Vuitton DA, Bresson-Hadni S, et al. Alveolar echinococcosis: correlation between hepatic MRI findings and FDG-PET/ CT metabolic activity. Abdom Imaging 2015;40(1):56 –63 . [28] Ehrhardt AR, Reuter S, Buck AK, Haenle MM, Mason RA, Gabelmann A, et al. Assessment of disease activity in alveolar echinococcosis : comparison of contrast -enhanced ultrasound, tree-phase helical CT and [ 18 F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron- emission tomography. Abdom Imaging 2007;32(6):730 –6 . [29] Kratzer W, Reuter S, Hirschbuehl K, Ehrhardt AR, Mason RA, Haenle MM, et al. Comparison of contrast-enhanced power Doppler ultrasound (Levovist) and com- puted tomography in alveolar echinococcosis. Abdom Imaging 2005;30(3):286 –90 . [30] Bresson-Hadni S, Vuitton DA, Bartholomot B, Heyd B, Godart D, Meyer JP, et al. A twenty-year history of alveolar echinococcosis: analysis of a series of 117 patients from eastern France. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000;12(3):327 –36 . [31] Reuter S, Nüssle K, Kolokythas O, Haug U, Rieber A, Kern P, et al. Alveolar liver echinococcosis: a comparative study of three imaging techniques. Infection 2001;29(3):119 –25 . [32] Balci NC, Tunaci A, Semelka RC, Tunaci M, Ozden I, Rozanes I, et al. Hepatic al- veolar echinococcosis: MRI findings. Magn Reson Imaging 2000;18(5):537–41 . [33] Becce F, Pomoni A, Uldry E, Halkic N, Yan P, Meuli R, et al. Alveolar echinococcosis of the liver: di ffusion-weighted MRI findings and potential role in lesion char- acterisation. Eur J Radiol 2014;83(4):625 –31 . [34] Reuter S, Buck A, Manfras B, Kratzer W, Seitz HM, Darge K, et al. Structured treatment interruption in patients with alveolar echinococcosis. Hepatology 2004;39(2):509 –17 . M. Sulima, et al. Advances in Medical Sciences 64 (2019) 324–330 330 Document Outline
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