Social and political situation in Uzbekistan on the threshold of independence processes I. Introduction

A. Formation of a new government and political system
In the aftermath of gaining independence, Uzbekistan faced the daunting task of establishing a new government and political system that would effectively serve the needs of its diverse population. The formation of a democratic government framework became a priority, with the aim of ensuring political stability and fostering economic growth. Significant efforts were made to create a system based on the principles of separation of powers, rule of law, and protection of individual rights and freedoms. Political parties were established to offer citizens a choice in shaping the future of their nation and to facilitate a more vibrant and pluralistic political arena. Through these measures, Uzbekistan sought to establish a solid foundation for its governance and to instill public confidence in the country's political processes.
B. Challenges in establishing a stable and inclusive society
In addition to economic and political obstacles, the establishment of a stable and inclusive society in Uzbekistan faces several challenges. One of the significant challenges is striking a delicate balance between promoting national unity and preserving cultural diversity. The country is composed of various ethnic groups, each with their distinct traditions and values. Ensuring equal rights and opportunities for all citizens while respecting and appreciating cultural differences is crucial. Moreover, combating corruption and improving governance practices are essential to fostering confidence in the government and creating an inclusive society that prioritizes the interests of its citizens. Additionally, addressing income inequality, particularly in rural areas, is crucial for achieving social stability and preventing societal divisions.
C. Impact on regional and international relations
Furthermore, the political changes in Uzbekistan had a significant impact on regional and international relations. As the country began its transition towards independence, neighboring countries and major global powers closely monitored the developments. This was due to the strategic location of Uzbekistan, which linked Central Asia to other regions. The independence processes also opened up new opportunities for economic cooperation and diplomatic engagements. Uzbekistan's policies and stance on various regional and international issues played a crucial role in shaping its relations with neighboring countries and global powers, making it a key player in the geopolitics of the region.
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, as the Soviet Union faced a period of political and economic uncertainty, Uzbekistan also found itself on the threshold of significant political and social changes. The country experienced a growing sense of national identity, with an increasing emphasis on traditional Uzbek culture and language. However, this newfound nationalism also brought about tensions between Uzbek and non-Uzbek ethnic groups, resulting in protests and violent clashes. Additionally, as the country prepared for independence, there were debates and discussions regarding the social and political framework that would shape the newly formed nation. These discussions included questions about the role of Islam, the protection of human rights, and the establishment of a democratic government.