Miyastenia gravis prof. Dr. Aytekin Akyüz

Children develop a characteristic hypertrophy of the:

• Neck
• Deltoid
• Biceps
• Triceps
• Quadriceps, and
• Gastrocnemius muscles – Child appears to be a “Tiny Hercules”

Miyotonia Congenita

Periodic Paralysis

• Relatively rare myopathy

• Hereditary – Autosomal dominant

• Characterized by:

• Transient flaccid paralysis or paresis affecting primarily the muscle of the proximal limbs
• Attacks of weakness may last from a few seconds to several weeks
• Involvement of a disruption in the serum K+ balance

• Examples:

• Hyperkalemic Form
• Hypokalemic Form

Hiperkalemik Form

• Has increased serum K+

• Triggered by:

• Stress
• Fasting
• Cold
• Rest following intensive or prolonged muscular exercise

• Attacks minimized by:

• Light exercise
• Ingestion of carbohydrates

Hipokalemik Form

• Has decreased serum K+

• Affects men more than women

• Triggered by:

• Stress
• Fasting
• Cold
• Rest following intensive or prolonged muscular exercise
• Alcohol consumption
• High carbohydrate diets