Ministry of higher and secondary special education of republic of uzbekistan

MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND SECONDARY SPECIAL EDUCATION OF REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Andizhan State University named after Zakhiriddin Mukhammad Babur
Direction 5141400 -foreign languages literature
Faculty of Foreign Languages
Department of English Language and Literature
Theme: Expressing the Problem of Personality and Society in the English Literature.
^{Compiled by:} Asretdinova Gulchehra
^{Group: 408}
Supervisor: Kalonova N.N.
Andizhan-2011y.
CONTENTS:
Introduction……………………………………………………3

Chapter 1 . English literature in the XIX century…………15

Chapter 2. Expressing the problem of personality and society in the novel “Pride and Prejudice” by Jane Austen
2.1. Jane Austen’s life and literary activity……………….24
2.2. “Pride and Prejudice” as a masterpiece of Jane Austen and expressing the problem of personality and society in it………………………………………………………………42
2.3 Methodical recommendations on teaching of the novel “Pride and Prejudice” by Jane Austen……………………..56
Conclusion……………………………………………………60
Bibliography…………………………………………………65.


INTRODUCTION
“We should give the wings to our youth in order to fly them up to the summit of knowledge and to master any profession with confidence”.
I. A. Karimov
The goal of the education reform is stated in President Karimov's speech at the ninth session of the Oily Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan in February 1995 as he highlighted harmonious development as the basis for the progress of Uzbekistan. He emphasized that "the reform in the field of education is becoming the most urgent problem, the solution of which will determine our future". The essence of education reform in Uzbekistan is to preserve the present intellectual potential of the education system and to modify the country's goals in order to develop individuals who are capable to build and live in a democratic civil society and a free market economy.
The goal of education reform is to educate a healthy generation, both physically and mentally, which can be achieved through humanistic, democratic methods of teaching and socialization, giving higher priority to human values, national and cultural traditions, and separation of educational institutions from the influence of political movements. That is, education reform aims to make a complete reversal of its ideological routines in order to promote a national education system for training highly qualified personnel up to the level of advanced democratic states and meeting the requirements of a high moral spirit. The State gives top priority to strengthening intellectual potential and increasing the educational and cultural level of the population.
The education reform will be implemented in three stages. The first stage (1997-2001) is to work out new national programs, create a legal system, and develop personnel and technical material conditions to support the reform.
The system and types of education may be classified according to levels and forms of study such as: preschool education, general secondary education, specialized technical education, vocational training, higher education, professional improvement and retraining of personnel, and extra-curricular education. Preschool education is meant to prepare children under 7 year of age for a systematic education. They may study in public or private institutions or at home.
With a strong commitment to reform the education system, the Republic of Uzbekistan has undertaken several measures and activities. The new ABC books for students have been developed and 300 new educational institutions were created.
Let’s pay attention to the speech of the president of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov at the grand meeting dedicated to the 18-th anniversary of adoption of the constitution of the republic of Uzbekistan on December 8, 2010:
“These days the nation solemnly marks the 18th anniversary of adoption of the Main Law – the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Celebrating this truly historical date in the life of our state and our people, we give due to the everlasting role and significance, which the Constitution of the country has played in formation of the modern Uzbekistan, in achievement of the goal, which we have set before us from the early years of independence, i.e. to build a democratic law-governed state with socially oriented economy and establish the civil society, where the human being, his interests, his rights and freedoms are the most supreme value.
Today, objectively assessing and summarizing the outcomes of independent development of Uzbekistan, it is of no doubt that all the achieved goals and results recognized by the world community, which our country secured for over the past years, - both stably functioning economy, its sustainable growth rates, the year-to-year growth well-being of the population and strengthening authority in the world community, - all of these, first of all, are the result of implementation of the deeply thought-out objectives, principles and norms enshrined in the Constitution.
Shortly speaking, the life itself compellingly confirms the correctness of the country’s development model, which was chosen by us and enshrined in our Constitution that has gained the name of the “Uzbek model”¹.
A special attention in implementation of the State program “Year of harmoniously developed generation” was paid to the development of the sphere of education, and above all, reinforcement of its logistical and technical basis, new construction and provision of educational institutions with modern equipment.
As a result of implementing the National program of cadres training and the State nationwide Program of developing the school education we have built or thoroughly reconstructed in line with modern designs 1536 academic lyceums and professional colleges, about 9 thousand, or practically all general education schools and more than 1800 sports halls.
With an aim of constantly renovating the logistical and technical basis of these educational facilities, undertaking on systematic basis their re-equipment with the state-of-the-art computer technology, educational laboratory equipment, furniture and study inventory, maintaining their up-to-date operation, as well as effectively utilizing the existing enormous potential we have established a completely new structure – the special fund at the Ministry of Finance.
In 2010, 315 billion soums were deposited to the bank account of this fund and in 2011 it is envisaged to allocate 370 billion soums. And this fact witnesses about enormous attention paid in our country to this issue.
I would like to especially note the significance for us of the opening this year in Tashkent of the new and modern education complex of the Turin Polytechnic University, which is set to become a source of the highly qualified cadres for dynamically developing domestic automobile industry and several other branches.
For over this period we have optimized the system of cadres’ training, unified 50 directions of bachelor’s education and 74 master’s specialty, as well as introduced the new classifiers of directions and majors of secondary special, professional and higher education.
In the framework of the Program, in 2010, 560 leading cluster schools were provided with 13500 computers worth about 6 million US dollars, over 750 rural schools were supplied with modern educational laboratory equipment and multimedia tools, the teachers of 1.5 thousand rural schools were supplied with 3400 personal computers worth in total about 13 million dollars.
At the moment, all educational, scientific and cultural-enlightenment facilities of the country – and they are more than 12 thousand – are connected to Educational portal, which contains over 25 thousand study materials and resources. This permits to actively introduce the methods of distance education into the education system as well as a broad complex of information and communication services for the country’s students.
Along with this, I want to underscore once again that it acquires an enormous significance the introduction of modern information and computer technologies, digital and broadband telecommunications and Internet not only in schools, lyceums, colleges and higher educational institutions, but also in the life of each family. It is the dimensions of development of contemporary communication systems and information technologies that serve as an indicator of the development level of the country and society”.
As we know, great changes have taken place in our life; radical transformations have altered the appearance of the modern world. The people’s age old aspirations for freedom independence and, happiness, and their resolute determination to shape their own future, serve as the driving force of these dynamic developments. We note with pride in our native land that Uzbekistan was one of the first Republics in the former Union to proclaim its objective to achieve genuine independence, was the first to introduce a presidential form of government proceed with large scale reforms and radical transformations for the betterment of society.
Life itself has convincingly and vividly shown the correction of the objectives outlined and the guidelines chosen. Much of what we have failed to achieve for centuries has been attained during the first year of our Republic’s independence. The people of Uzbekistan have become to true masters of the tremendous wealth of their native land: the Republic’s mines refineries, gold reserves, natural recourses, and land itself. Economic, scientific, technical and intellectual potential-created by the labor of many generations- all this is national property as well and serves to guarantee the wellbeing of the people providing a basis for social progress, prosperity and midst of the state. The state’s responsibility to safeguard the indivisibility of the territory of the Republic its economic potential and the inviolability of its frontiers has become an established principle.
Assurance of an equal opportunity to general secondary education to the free choice of occupation and adequate training. We will have to face the need to develop a new democratic concept of education which integrates national, historical, intellectual, cultural, traditional and experiences of the Uzbeks and other nationalities living in the territory of the Republic forming cohesive system of upbringing and education;- creation of conditions for the development of all types of creative activities for discovering and cultivating talents and abilities, and for the protection of intellectual prosperity².
Acquiring independence made it possible for Uzbekistan to independently pursue an education meeting the interests of the republic and our people. The isolation from the outside world has ended and Uzbekistan has become an equal entity of international law, which enables it to win a decent place in international division of labor.
Today there is paid great attention to teach foreign languages in our Uzbekistan. Many organizations were opened for the youths who want to study in foreign countries. If they pass the exams they will go there to study. Till nowadays many youths of our Uzbekistan studied in abroad.
Writing research work is useful for those, who learn foreign languages fluently. And we hope it will be one of the main sources for those, who study at colleges, lyceums and higher educational institutions.