Centre for Distance Education
Acharya Nagarjuna University
18.13
The above theory can be explained diagramatically.
Fig. 18.6
Merits
1. In case of expectancy 1, that the employees fell that the expected performance is attainable, by
setting performance objectives.
2. In case of expectancy 2, that the desired performance is clearly linked with rewards cause high
motivation.
In case of valence rewards are meaningful to employees, by understanding individual employee
needs, managers can match them to rewards for maximum motivation.
Criticism
Even though it is considered one better theories of motivation, it has certain its own limitations.
a. Expectancy theory is very complex in nature.
b. Practical application is difficult.
c. Attempt to calcualte expectancy 1. Expectancy 2 is doubtful.
d. Valence estimates in making decisions are difficult.
e. Complexity of expectancy theory also makes it difficult to test.
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