Hyperloop Alpha Intro
Onboard Passenger Emergency
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- Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
- 4.5.2. Capsule Depressurization
- 4.5.3. Capsule Stranded in Tube
- 4.5.4. Structural Integrity of the Tube in Jeopardy
- 4.5.6. Human Related Incidents
- Table 8. Total cost of the Hyperloop passenger transportation system. Component Cost
- Compressor Plumbing 11 Batteries Electronics 6 Propulsion 5
- Tube Construction 650 Pylon Construction 2,550 Tunnel Construction 600
- Permits Land 1,000 Cost Margin 536 Total
- Table 9. Total cost of the Hyperloop passenger plus vehicle transportation system. Component Cost
- Capsule Structure Doors 7.4 Interior Seats 7.6 Compressor Plumbing 8.2
- Components Assembly 3 Tube 7,000 Tube Construction 1,200
- Solar Panels Batteries 490 Station Vacuum Pumps 260 Permits Land 1,000
- 6. Future Work
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4.5.1. Onboard Passenger Emergency All capsules would have direct radio contact with station operators in case of emergencies, allowing passengers to report any incident, to request help and to receive assistance. In addition, all capsules would be fitted with first aid equipment. The Hyperloop allows people to travel from San Francisco to LA in 30 minutes. Therefore in case of emergency, it is likely that the best course of action would
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be for the capsule to communicate the situation to the station operator and for the capsule to finish the journey in a few minutes where emergency services would be waiting to assist. Typical times between an emergency and access to a physician should be shorter than if an incident happened during airplane takeoff. In the case of the airplane, the route would need to be adjusted, other planes rerouted, runways cleared, airplane landed, taxi to a gate, and doors opened. An emergency in a Hyperloop capsule simply requires the system to complete the planned journey and meet emergency personnel at the destination. 4.5.2. Power Outage The vast majority of the Hyperloop travel distance is spent coasting and so the capsule does not require continuous power to travel. The capsule life support systems will be powered by two or more redundant lithium ion battery packs making it unaffected by a power outage. In the event of a power outage occurring after a capsule had been launched, all linear accelerators would be equipped with enough energy storage to bring all capsules currently in the Hyperloop tube safely to a stop at their destination. In addition, linear accelerators using the same storage would complete the acceleration of all capsules currently in the tube. For additional redundancy, all Hyperloop capsules would be fitted with a mechanical braking system to bring capsules safely to a stop. In summary, all journeys would be completed as expected from the passenger’s perspective. Normal travel schedules would be resumed after power was restored.
Hyperloop capsules will be designed to the highest safety standards and manufactured with extensive quality checks to ensure their integrity. In the event of a minor leak, the onboard environmental control system would maintain capsule pressure using the reserve air carried onboard for the short period of time it will take to reach the destination. In the case of a more significant depressurization, oxygen masks would be deployed as in airplanes. Once the capsule reached the destination safely it would be removed from service. Safety of the onboard air supply in Hyperloop would be very similar to aircraft, and can take advantage of decades of development in similar systems. In the unlikely event of a large scale capsule depressurization, other capsules in the tube would automatically begin emergency braking whilst the Hyperloop tube would undergo rapid re-pressurization along its entire length.
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4.5.3. Capsule Stranded in Tube A capsule becoming stranded in the Hyperloop tube is highly unlikely as the capsule coasts the majority of the distance at high speed and so there is no propulsion required for more than 90% of the journey. If a capsule were somehow to become stranded, capsules ahead would continue their journeys to the destination unaffected. Capsules behind the stranded one would be automatically instructed to deploy their emergency mechanical braking systems. Once all capsules behind the stranded capsule had been safely brought to rest, capsules would drive themselves to safety using small onboard electric motors to power deployed wheels. All capsules would be equipped with a reserve air supply great enough to ensure the safety of all passengers for a worst case scenario event. 4.5.4. Structural Integrity of the Tube in Jeopardy A minor depressurization of the tube is unlikely to affect Hyperloop capsules or passengers and would likely be overcome by increased vacuum pump power. Any minor tube leaks could then be repaired during standard maintenance. In the event of a large scale leak, pressure sensors located along the tube would automatically communicate with all capsules to deploy their emergency mechanical braking systems.
California is no stranger to earthquakes and transport systems are all built with earthquakes in mind. Hyperloop would be no different with the entire tube length built with the necessary flexibility to withstand the earthquake motions while maintaining the Hyperloop tube alignment. It is also likely that in the event of a severe earthquake, Hyperloop capsules would be remotely commanded to actuate their mechanical emergency braking systems. 4.5.6. Human Related Incidents Hyperloop would feature the same high level of security used at airports. However, the regular departure of Hyperloop capsules would result in a steadier and faster flow of passengers through security screening compared to airports. Tubes located on pylons would limit access to the critical elements of the system. Multiple redundant power sources and vacuum pumps would limit the impact of any single element.
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4.5.7. Reliability The Hyperloop system comprising all infrastructure, mechanical, electrical, and software components will be designed so that it is reliable, durable, and fault tolerant over its service life (100 years), while maintaining safety levels that match or exceed the safety standard of commercial air transportation.
The total cost of the Hyperloop passenger transportation system as outlined is less than $6 billion USD (Table 8). The passenger plus vehicle version of Hyperloop is including both passenger and cargo capsules and the total cost is outlined as $7.5 billion USD (Table 9).
(million USD) Capsule 54
(40 capsules) Capsule Structure & Doors 9.8 Interior & Seats 10.2 Compressor & Plumbing 11 Batteries & Electronics 6 Propulsion 5 Suspension & Air Bearings 8 Components Assembly 4 Tube 5,410 Tube Construction 650 Pylon Construction 2,550 Tunnel Construction 600 Propulsion 140
210 Station & Vacuum Pumps 260
1,000 Cost Margin 536 Total 6,000 Page 57
Table 9. Total cost of the Hyperloop passenger plus vehicle transportation system. Component Cost (million USD) Cargo Capsule 30.5 (20 capsules) Capsule Structure & Doors 5.5 Interior & Seats 3.7 Compressor & Plumbing 6 Batteries, Motor & Electronics 4 Propulsion 3 Suspension & Air Bearings 5.3 Components Assembly 3 Passenger Only Capsule 40.5
(30 capsules) Capsule Structure & Doors 7.4 Interior & Seats 7.6 Compressor & Plumbing 8.2 Batteries, Motor & Electronics 4.5 Propulsion 3.8 Suspension & Air Bearings 6 Components Assembly 3 Tube 7,000 Tube Construction 1,200 Pylon Construction 3,150 Tunnel Construction 700 Propulsion 200 Solar Panels & Batteries 490 Station & Vacuum Pumps 260 Permits & Land 1,000 Cost Margin 429 Total 7,500
A high speed transportation system known as Hyperloop has been developed in this document. The work has detailed two versions of the Hyperloop: a passenger only version and a passenger plus vehicle version. Hyperloop could transport people, vehicles, and freight between Los Angeles and San Francisco in 35 minutes. Transporting 7.4 million people each way every year and amortizing the cost of $6 billion over 20 years gives a ticket price of $20 for a one-way trip for the passenger version of Hyperloop. The passenger only version of the Hyperloop is less than 9% of the cost of the proposed passenger only high speed rail system between Los Angeles and San Francisco. An additional passenger plus transport version of the Hyperloop has been created that is only 25% higher in cost than the passenger only version. This version would be capable of transporting passengers, vehicles, freight, etc. The
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passenger plus vehicle version of the Hyperloop is less than 11% of the cost of the proposed passenger only high speed rail system between Los Angeles and San Francisco. Additional technological developments and further optimization could likely reduce this price. The intent of this document has been to create a new open source form of transportation that could revolutionize travel. The authors welcome feedback and will incorporate it into future revisions of the Hyperloop project, following other open source models such as Linux.
Hyperloop is considered an open source transportation concept. The authors encourage all members of the community to contribute to the Hyperloop design process. Iteration of the design by various individuals and groups can help bring Hyperloop from an idea to a reality. The authors recognize the need for additional work, including but not limited to: 1.
More expansion on the control mechanism for Hyperloop capsules, including attitude thruster or control moment gyros. 2.
and passenger plus vehicle versions of the Hyperloop capsules. 3.
Trades comparing the costs and benefits of Hyperloop with more conventional magnetic levitation systems. 4.
the physics of Hyperloop. Feedback is welcomed on these or any useful aspects of the Hyperloop design. E-mail feedback to hyperloop@spacex.com or hyperloop@teslamotors.com . Yüklə 3,69 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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