Dilgam ismailov

the basis of a kinship with a mother line. Women played an 

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important role in the life of the tribe. It was women’s work 
to care for children, gather berries and wild plants, keep the 
fire, cook and etc. That’s why the generational tribe 
community is called a khakanate (matriarchy). 
 The Mesolithic Period. The Discovery of a Arrow and 
Bow. Mesolithic is a Greek word - “Mezzos” means middle; 
“litos” means a stone. Starting from the 12
th
 millennium BC a 
new era in the development of the tribal community began in 
Azerbaijan. The so called Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age 
lasted till the VIII millennium BC. The arrow and bow 
were invented in the Mesolithic Period. People could hunt 
animals from a distance with the help of this weapon. They 
achieved increasing food supply and began to tame animals. 
There were also the first agricultural skills in the Mesolithic 
period. Thus, the transition from the appropriating economy to 
manufacturing industry was founded in the Mesolithic period. 
Previously, people who collected and used the ready bounties 
of nature had begun then to produce them immediately. 
However, the formation of the manufacturing sector came to an 
end a little bit later; i.e. in the New Stone Age. 
The living conditions and occupation of population of 
the Mesolithic period have been studied on the basis of 
Gobustan monuments. People lived there starting 
approximately from the 12
th
 millennium BC. The flint and 
labor tools made of bones were founded in Mesolithic 
camps of Gobustan. At that time people used tools of very 
small size (microliths). Microlith is a Greek word - “Micro” 
means small; and “litos” means a stone. The arrowheads as 
well as tools used in fishing were made of bones by people. 
The arrowheads of small size relating to the Mesolithic period 

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were found in Damjyly cave of Gazakh region. Elementary art 
had considerably evolved in the Mesolithic period. The 
paintings reflecting hunting scenes of people of this period 
were engraved on Gobustan rocks.