Z. M. Bobur nomidagi andijon davlat universiteti chet tillar fakulteti ingliz tili va adabiyoti kafedrasi

Techniques in teaching grammar

1.Using Text Technique

2.Using Total Physical Response
3.Using Picture
4.Using Objects in the classroom
5.Using Game
6.Using Song
PRESENTING GRAMMAR
The deductive approach - rule driven learning
A deductive approach starts with the presentation of a rule and is followed by examples in which the rule is applied.The grammar rule is presented and the learner engages with it through the study and manipulation of examples.
Advantages of a deductive approach:

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  It gets straight to the point, and can therefore be time-saving. Many rules — especially rules of form — can be more simply and quickly explained than elicited from examples. This will allow more time for practice and application.
  
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  It respects the intelligence and maturity of many - especially adult -students, and acknowledges the role of cognitive processes in language acquisition.
  
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  It confirms many students' expectations about classroom learning, particularly for those learners who have an analytical learning style.
  
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  It allows the teacher to deal with language points as they come up, rather than having to anticipate them and prepare for them in advance.
  

Disadvantages of a deductive approach:

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  Starting the lesson with a grammar presentation may be off-putting for some students, especially younger ones. They may not have sufficient metalanguage (i.e. language used to talk about language such as grammar terminology). Or they may not be able to understand the concepts involved.
  
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  Grammar explanation encourages a teacher-fronted, transmission-style classroom; teacher explanation is often at the expense of student involvement and interaction.
  
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  Explanation is seldom as memorable as other forms of presentation, such as demonstration.
  
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  Such an approach encourages the belief that learning a language is simply a case of knowing the rules.
  

The inductive approach - the rule-discovery path
What are the advantages of encouraging learners to work rules out for themselves?

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  Rules learners discover for themselves are more likely to fit their existing mental structures than rules they have been presented with. This in turn will make the rules more meaningful, memorable, and serviceable.
  
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  The mental effort involved ensures a greater degree of cognitive depth which, again, ensures greater memorability.
  
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  Students are more actively involved in the learning process, rather than being simply passive recipients: they are therefore likely to be more attentive and more motivated.
  
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  It is an approach which favours pattern-recognition and problem-solving abilities which suggests that it is particularly suitable for learners who like this kind of challenge.
  
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  If the problem-solving is done collaboratively, and in the target language, learners get the opportunity for extra language practice.
  
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  Working things out for themselves prepares students for greater self-reliance and is therefore conducive to learner autonomy.