ii) Need to develop meso-level indicators so as to enable policy actions to develop competitive supply
chains
Indicators should be developed to assist policy making, thereby enabling policy actions to be
implemented in a way that supports efforts by industry to develop competitive supply chains.
The interaction between industries’ responsibility to create competitive supply chains and public
policy goals of improving industry efficiency through policy actions requires governments to
understand the mechanisms affecting the performance of shippers, carriers and other service providers
in the supply chain, not only domestically but also internationally. A comprehensive analysis of the
economic and financial impact of the wide range of policy instruments in place could assist in
determining the cost effectiveness and appropriateness of various policy options and this requires
macro indicators.
However, the macro indicators focusing on welfare maximisation are mostly decomposed into
meso level indicators focusing on welfare optimisation, under the condition of subsidiarity, for sectors
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or regions, and not on supply chains. Policy makers should seek the linkage between, on the one hand,
the macro and meso level indicators and, on the other, the supply-chain indicators.
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