2865.Stage IIB circulatory failure of Strazhesko Vasilenko is characterized by 3 symptoms
Congestion in small and large circulation*
Increase (congestive) the liver and peripheral edema*
Signs of circulatory failure are reduced in the treatment of*
The appearance of shortness of breath, fatigue only under load
Heart only when the load
There myocardial hypertrophy
2866. What are the drugs for the treatment of diastolic heart failure
Diuretics*
Blockers*
Nitrates
Sympathomimetics
Calcium antagonists*
Antianaemia drugs
2867. By late clinical signs of circulatory failure are
Fixed crackles in the low back of the lungs
Appearance of peripheral edema, ascites, anasarca
Increase the liver
Dry rales in the lower lung
Headache
Dizziness
2868. 3 drugs used for relief of pulmonary edema
Nitroglycerin*
Obzidan
Furosemide*
Eufillin
Morphine*
Omeprazole
2869.Treatment of chronic heart failure (level of evidence A)
Peripheral vasodilators
ACEinhibitors*
Antagonists angiotensin II receptor
Diuretics*
Cardioselective betablockers*
Calcium channel blockers slow
2870. 3 causes the progression of chronic heart failure
Alcohol*
Infection*
No treatment*
Compliance table diet №10
The use of vegetarian food
Smoking cessation
2871."Triple therapy" severe heart failure
Diuretics*
Betablockers
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors*
Xanthines
Cardiac glycosides*
Holinomimetiki
2872.Describe the 3 signs of chronic gout:
Presence of tophi*
Hypertension*
Urolithiasis /ICD/*
Absence of tophi
Chronic pyelonephritis
Hypotension
2873.Describe 3symptoms of intermittent gout:
Bouts of arthritis by 1 to 3 times year, for up to 6 to 10 days; in remission periods the health state of the patient is satisfactory*
Intermittent hyperuricemia*
low rate of internal organs lesions*
Bouts of arthritis 1 to 2 times per year for up to 6 months
Constant hyperuricemia
Obligatory visceral lesions
2874.Name 3 causes of the joints deformation in gout:
Destruction of cartilage*
Destruction of the articular surfaces*
periarticular infiltration of urates intissue with the tophiformation*
Subluxations
Proliferative changes in periarticular tissues
Swelling of the ankle
2875.Most common complication of gout is nephropathy. It may course into the following three conditions:
Urolithiasis*
Interstitial nephritis*
Nephrosclerosis*
Acute glomerulonephritis
Chronic glomerulonephritis
Acute pyelonephritis
2876.Specify the 3 basic radiographic changes typical for the gout:
Joint space narrowing*
"Punch" sign*
Erosingarticular surfaces*
Expansion of joint space
"Niche"symptom
Syndesmophytes
2877.Describe the 3 radiographic stages of gouty arthritis:
I large cysts (tophi) in the subchondral bone, sometimes sealing of soft tissue*
II large cysts, small erosion, compaction ofperiarticular soft tissues, sometimes calcifications occur*
III large erosion, osteolysis of the pineal gland, seal with lime deposits*
III large cysts (tophi) in the subchondral bone, sometimes sealing of soft tissue
I large cysts, small erosion, compaction of periarticular soft tissues, sometimes calcifications occur
II large erosion, osteolysis of the pineal gland, seal with lime deposits
2878.What are the three basic diagnostic criteria for gout:
Elevated levels of uric acid in the blood*
Tophi*
Acute attacks of arthritis, occurs suddenly, with complete clinical remission within 1 to 2 weeks*
Morning stiffness for more than 30 minutes
Heberdene’snodules
Start nature of pain
2879.What are the three changes, characteristic for the analysis of synovial fluid in acute gouty arthritis:
Low viscosity*
High cytosis*
The presence of crystals of sodium urate*
High viscosity
Low cytosis
The presence of oxalates
2880.List 3 signs of the mild gout:
Frequency of attacks of 1 to 2 times a year*
No signs of destruction on chest radiography*
No kidney damage*
Frequency of attacks 3 to 4 times a year
The presence of destructive changes on the radiography
The presence of pyelonephritis
2881.List 3 character of the average severity of gout:
Frequency of attacks 3 to 5 times a year*
Moderate articular destruction on chest radiography*
The presence of nephropathy*
Frequency of attacks 3 to 4 times a year
Involvement of not more than one joint
Pyelonephritis
2882.List 3 characteristic signs of severe gout:
Frequency of attacks of 5 or more per year*
Severe bone destruction on chest radiograph*
Severe nephropathy*
Frequency of attacks up to 4times a year
The absence of signs of destruction on chest radiograph
Glomerulonephritis
2883.What are the 3 changes in laboratory parameters characteristic of an acute attack of the gout:
Leukocytosis*
Increase in Creactive protein*
Increased ESR*
Leukopenia
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
2884.What 3 factors are important in the development of gout?
Heredity*
Diet*
Smoking
Age*
None of the above
Mind
2885.What 3 factors are important pathogenesis of gout?
Violation of purine metabolism*
Anemiya
The excess uric acid synthesis*
Lack of urates excretion by the kidneys*
Liver damage
None of the above
2886.Mark the foods containing the highest amounts of uric acid and purine
bean*
potatoes
sprats*
sardines*
milk and milk products
carrot
pumpkin
2887.Gout is a disease associated with metabolic disorders of purine and is characterized by the following 3features:
The increase of serum uric acid*
Uratedeposits in the joints, kidneys, and blood vesselstissues*
Acute arthritis*
Increase in the content of uric acid in urine
Increase of serum urea
Redness of the skin
2889.What are the three primary pathogenic forms of gout:
Metabolic (increase of uric acid synthesis in the body)*
Kidney (impaired excretion of uric acid in the body)*
Mixed*
Metabolic (increased excretion of uric acid in the kidneys)
Kidney (increase urate deposition in the parenchyma)
Hepatic (liver delayed release of urate)
2890.Mark 3 diseases, which must be differentiated with gout:
Reactive arthritis*
Rheumatoid arthritis*
Osteoarthritis with synovitis*
Rheumatic fever
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Systemic scleroderma
2891.Name 3 "malicious sisters", i.e. the metabolic blood disorders, which are most often associated with gout:
Hyperuricemia*
Hypercholesterolemia*
Hyperglycemia*
Uremia
Hyperenzymemia
Proteinuria
2892.What are the three reasons that can provoke gouty arthritis:
Consumption of foods rich in purines (meat, beans)*
Alcohol*
Nervous and physical stress*
Use of cultured milk foods
Consumption of food rich in purines (rice, cheese, onions)
Intake of allopurinol
2893.Describe the 3 signs of articular syndrome in gout:
Acute onset, the duration of an attack from few hours to 10 days or more*
Acute pain, rapid development of crimson, then cyanotic soft tissue tumors, often in the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint of the foot*
Increase in body temperature up to 38-40C*
Gradual onset, lasting from few weeks to few months
Increased pain in the daytime
Acute pain with bleeding sores on his feet
2894.What are the three diseases that most often cause secondary gout:
"Blue" congenital heart disease*
Obese*
Diabetes*
Chronic hepatic insufficiency
Chronic hepatitis
Diabetes insipidus
2895.Specify the most frequent localization of tophi:
Ears*
Elbow*
Fingers (around joints)*
Palpebra
Achilles tendon
Spine
2896.What diseases are often associated with gout:
CHD*
Obesity*
Hypertension*
Peptic ulcer
Chronic hepatitis
Chronic pancreatitis
2897.Uricosuricremedies include:
Anturane*
Benzbromarone (dezurik)*
Sulfinpirasone*
Milurite
Allopurinol
Furosemide
2898.What foods contain the greatest amount of uric acid and purines:
Legumes*
Beef, pork, veal*
Sprats, sardines*
Chicken eggs
Potatoes
Milk and milk products
2899.What are 3 symptoms characteristic of acute gouty arthritis?
Affects single joint*
Inflammation of the joints begins suddenly*
Body temperature rises to 39-40°C*
Increased pain in the daytime
Acute pain with bleeding sores on his feet
All of the above is untrue
2900.Tophi are the deposition of urates under the skin to form dense, quite clearly demarcated and rising arthritic knots above the surface of the skin. What is the most characteristic3 features of the tophi:
Developsin 6 years (rarely over 2 to 3 years) after the first attack*
Localized in the ears, elbow, knee, feet and hands*
Content of tophi white curdled mass (urate crystals)*
Develop in the first few months of illness
Painful to the touch
Frequently infected
2901.What are the 3 reasons that can provoke gouty arthritis:
Nervous and physical stress*
Cold, hypothermia*
Exacerbation of underlying chronic diseases*
Use of cultured milk foods
Consumption of food rich in purines (rice, cheese, onions)
Administration of allopurinol
2902. Group of seronegative spondiloarthrites includes
ankylosing spondylitis (Bechterew's disease)*
Psoriatic arthritis*
pyrophosphate arthropathia
reactive arthritis*
rheumatoid arthritis
osteoarthritis
2903.Ankylosing spondylitis (Bechterew's disease) is characterized by
night pain in the lumbar region*
double sided sacroileitis*
antigen HLA B27*
nodules of Heberden
nodules of Bouchard
chorea
2904.Characteristic radiographic signs of psoriatic arthritis
narrowing of joint spaces*
regional erosion of the articular surfaces*
osteolysis*
osteophytes
symptom of "punch"
usuras
2905.Clinical signs of reactive arthritis
asymmetric arthritis of the lower limbs*
eye involvement*
urethritis or diarrhea*
symmetric arthritis of hands
rheumatoid nodules
heart lesion
2906.Select the 3 directions of cure for first degree the activity of ankylosing spondylitis
antibiotics
prednisolone
plasmapheresis
nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs*
exercise therapy*
massage*
2907.List the 3 diseases that cause arrhythmias
ischemic heart disease*
myocarditis*
myocardiodystrophy*
chronic gastritis
chronic bronchitis
arterial hypotension
2908.List 3 signs of sinus tachycardia
the increase in heart rate over 90 per minute*
increased I tone at the apex*
RR interval shortening of on the ECG*
increased heart rate over 80 per minute
weakening of the I tone at the apex
shortening of PQ interval
2909.List 3 ECG signs of sinus bradycardia
extension of PQ interval*
decrease heart rate up to 4050 per minute*
increase in the RR interval*
shortening of PQ interval
decrease heart rate to 60 per minute
shortening of RR interval
2910.Define 3 ECG signs of ventricular extrasystole
the emergence of extraordinary QRS complex*
absence of Pwave on the ECG before the ventricular extrasystole*
deformed and belled QRS complex*
ST segment and T discordant to the main wave of QRS complex
emergence of extraordinary PQRST complex
presence of rwave on the ECG before the ventricular extrasystole
2911.Name the 3 types of extrasystoles, lifethreatening
Early*
Paired*
Polytopic*
not frequent
not complete
cardiac
2912. List 3 types of extrasystoles (localization)
Atrial*
Atrioventricular*
Ventricular*
liver function
intestinal
cardiac
2913.Name 3 diseases, most often causing paroxysmal tachycardia
myocardial infarction*
myocarditis*
thyrotoxicosis*
chronic gastritis
chronic colitis
acute bronchitis
2914.List 3 main forms of atrial fibrillation
tachysystolic (90 in 1 minute)*
normosystolic (HR = 6080 in 1 minute)*
bradysystolic (heart rate less than 60 in 1 minute)*
supraventricular
sinoauricular
ventricular
2915. What are 3 signs of atrial fibrillation
the absence of P wave*
the existence of chaotic f waves (often in leads V1V2)*