Reference Specifications for Civil Engineering Work 2001


Requirements of Acceptable Backfill Materials



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7.4Requirements of Acceptable Backfill Materials


Class 3 material: Comply with the requirements of Reference Specification S300 Quarry Products except that the Plasticity Index shall not be < 4%. Alternatively, use Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads Type 2 unbound material, Subtype 2.2, 2.3 or 2.4 or Type 3 unbound material, Subtype 3.1, 3.2 or 3.3, provided the soaked CBR is ≥ 15% and the Plasticity Index is not < 4%.

Controlled low-strength material (Flowable fill): An approved proprietary flowable fill that contains a mixture of cementitious binder, water and aggregate. The cementitious binder may include Portland Cement, Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag. Provide 28 day compressive strengths of 0.5 - 2.0 MPa under footpaths and 3 - 5 MPa under roads.

Excavated material: Well graded inorganic non-perishable material, maximum size 75 mm, Plasticity Index  55%.

Granular fill: 75 mm maximum size crushed rock, non plastic open graded material or crusher run recycled concrete.

Lean mix concrete: Achieve 28 day characteristic compressive strength of 5 MPa for concrete. Use nominal maximum aggregate size of 40 mm. Achieve target slumps of 80 - 100 mm for wet concrete and less than 15 mm for dry concrete.

No fines concrete: Comply with the requirements of Reference Specification S200 Concrete Work.

Sand: Natural sand or manufactured sand or a blend of natural and manufactured sand, comprising hard durable particles. Comply with Table 7.1 for material properties.


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