Attribute in modern english

2.1. The change of state parameter

The state parameter is a string so you can encode any other information in it. You send a random value when starting an authentication request and validate the received value when processing the response. You store something on the client application side (in cookies, session, or localstorage) that allows you to perform the validation. If you receive a response with a state that doesn't match, you can infer that you may be the target of an attack because this is either a response for an unsolicited request or someone trying to forge the response.

A CSRF attack specifically targets state-changing requests to initiate an action instead of getting user data because the attacker has no way to see the response to the forged request. For the most basic cases the state parameter should be a nonce, used to correlate the request with the response received from the authentication.
Most modern OIDC and OAuth SDKs, including Auth0.js in single-page applications, handle the state generation and validation automatically.
In your daily activities, you will notice if ice is heated it changes into the water if water is heated it changes into steam if steam is cooled it changes into the water if water is cooled it changes into ice. This is a daily life example where we all see the application of the change in the state of the matter, but do you ever think that How is it possible? How this transformation takes place? And on what it all depends? Don’t worry you will get answers to all your questions in this article. Solid-state, liquid state, and gaseous state are three states of matter, and any physical change in their state is called a change of state of matter. These changes are reversible in nature means they can attain any state again and again. This reversible property of the three states depends upon different parameters and conditions which will be discussed below.
A physical change in a matter is referred to as a change of state of matter. They are reversible modifications that do not require any changes in the matter’s chemical composition. Melting, freezing, sublimation, deposition, condensation, and vaporisation are examples of common state transitions.
We can understand the meaning of a change of states of matter in one more way i.e. when a solid is heated it changes into liquid, and when a liquid is heated it changes into a gas, and when a gas is cooled it changes to a liquid when a liquid is cooled it change to solid. And, we can interchange these states by:
Changing the temperature
Changing the pressure
Why do States of Matter Change?
The change in state occurs due to the following factors:
The change in intermolecular space and force of attraction,
The change in temperature,
The change in pressure and
The change in kinetic energy of the particle.
Let’s discuss each point in more depth as
1. By Changing the Temperature: The temperature effect on heating a matter depends upon the nature of the matter and the conditions required in bringing the change. So, let’s discuss all the 6 interchanges between these states now.
Solid to Liquid change- This process is known as Melting. The process in which a solid substance changes into a liquid on heating is called melting. On increasing the temperature of the solid the kinetic energy of the particle increase which overcomes the force of attraction between the particles thereby solid melts and is converted into liquid.
Liquid to Gas change- This process is known as Boiling or Vapourisation. The process in which a liquid changes into gas rapidly on heating is called boiling. The temperature at which a liquid boils and changes rapidly into the gas at atmospheric pressure is called the boiling point of the liquid.
Gas to Liquid change- This process is known as Condensation. The process of changing gas into liquid by cooling is called condensation. Condensation is the reverse of boiling.
Liquid to Solid change- This process is known as Freezing. The process of transformation of liquid into a solid by cooling is called freezing. Freezing means solidification. It is the reverse of the melting process.
Solid to Gas change- This process is known as Sublimation. The change of solid directly into vapor on heating without passing through the intervening liquid state is called sublimation. The common substances which undergo sublimation are ammonium chloride, iodine, camphor, naphthalene, and anthracene. e.g. Solid carbon dioxide(or dry ice) sublimes to form carbon dioxide gas. Naphthalene balls disappear with time without leaving behind any residue.
Gas to Solid change- This process is known as Deposition or Desublimation. It is a thermodynamic process in which gas changes into a solid directly without entering into the liquid phase.
2. By Changing the Pressure: The physical state of matter can also be changed by changing the pressure. By applying high pressure the particles of a gas can be brought close together means gases can be liquefied easily by applying pressure and reducing temperature. When pressure is applied particles come together thus the force of attraction increases and intermolecular space decreases. Hence, gas liquefies. When pressure around the solid carbon dioxide is reduced its temperature increases and it directly changes into carbon dioxide gas.
Interconversion of Three States of Matter
The states of matter are interconvertible. The state of matter can be changed by changing the temperature or pressure. The transition of one state to another is referred to as the interconversion of matter. It is a process in which matter transitions from one state to another and then returns to its original state with no change in its chemical makeup. Heating may transform solids into liquids. These changes are shown in the figure given below.